DBMS Architecture

The overall architecture of a DBMS defines how users interact with the database. Logically, it is categorized into one of three main types: 1-tier , 2-tier , and 3-tier architecture .  1. 1-Tier Architecture In this architecture, the database is directly accessible to the user. There is no intermediate layer or security abstraction . This model is mainly used in development environments where programmers interact directly with the DBMS.   2. 2-Tier Architecture This involves a client-server model . The client (which contains the user interface and application logic ) interacts directly with the server (which hosts the DBMS) to process queries. This is common for small networks, like desktop applications interacting with remote databases.   3. 3-Tier Architecture This is the most common architecture for large-scale applications and includes an additional layer called the application server ( middleware ). This layer separates the client, application logic, and...